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alex Mon Sep 11
POWER FROM POTENTIAL
Theory and experiments
by
Alexander V. Frolov
email [email protected]
INTRODUCTION
Present article classify extraction of
excess power by means of
electric discharge ( arc ) as special case for application of
electric
potential field for creation of power.
DEFINITIONS
Energy is the possibility to make the
work.
Power is process of work per unit of
time.
Potential is the value of energy that
can be used to make the work.
PREHISTORY
It is clear that any experimental data
can be interpretated by
different conceptions. N. Tesla's research work for wireless
power transmission
from the point of view of energetics
is transformation of high-voltage and
high-frequency electric field energy in output power to make useful
work
in load. The direction of some Tesla's patent research
[1] was derivation
of excess power from electric discharges.
In the end of 1960s Prof. Alexander V. Chernetsky and Uri A. Galkin,
current and observed so call "self-generating
discharge". Figure 1 show
the voltage U and current I for this special case of arc.
_ _
/ \
current I
/\ \
/ \
\
_ / \ \
_ _
----------------\--------------------------- t
\
--
\ /
\
\ _/ voltage
U
Figure 1
Note that for part of cycle the current
is increasing when voltage
is decreasing.
dI/dt>0 for dU/dt<0
F.1
Negative resistance have
place
R = U/I F.2
This fact means that in
process for self-generating discharge, by Chernetsky,
the power
P = I U F.3
inflow into system from outside.
Detailed description for Chernetsky's experiments published in
English
in [2] and [3]. Power output was
up to 500 Kwatts and fact for
reverse current from experimental system into electric
station was detected.
Swiss M-L converter
described in [4] and [5] use high potential source like
Wimshurst machine that is connected to "spark gap
cylinders". It is capacitor that have spires between cylinders to create
"slow electrical arc" between inner and outside cylinders.
SCHEMES FOR EXPERIMENTS
Let us find what is general for all
technologies above.
Chernetsky's scheme published in magazine Energy and Ecology'86 in
Russian, was the next:
I L1 I
I I
I________/\ /\
/\ ______I
\/ \/ \/
===============
___ /\ /\
/\ /\ /\ ___
I \/ \/
\/ \/ \/ I
I L2 I
I I
__I__ _I_
_____ C1 I I
I I I R1
I arc gap I___I
I__________ ___________I
I I
I Sw1 I
I____/ _____I
Figure 2
A.V. Chernetsky
used 5 lampes for 220 AC in series as load. So,
transformer was like 220/1000 Volt, 50 Hz. The discharge gap had carbonic
electrodes.
When switch Sw1 is open
the power in load is increasing.
I used hand-made transformer 28/2800
VAC for 5 KHz input, high-voltage lamp as load and metal electrodes. The gap
was 2-3 mm. Voltmeter and ammeter are checking input
power.
You can easy find in this experiment
that output power is increasing when arc have place but power in primary
circuit is decreasing.
You can check that Conservation Law is
right: when Sw1 is closed and
Current of conductivity
have place, the connection of load lead to increase consumption power.
So, "plasma element" in
circuit allows extract additional power from outside of system but not from
primary source.
Now let us consider other simple
experiment that is close connected with scheme above. More detailed description
of it published in [6].
Take the metal piece, screw-driver, for
example, and create arc between end of it and one wire of high-voltage
transformer.
I I
I L1
I
I_ /\
/\ __I
\/ \/
\/
_____________
================ ______________[ \
__/\ /\
/\ ____________ I
metal [ insulator /
\/ \/
\/ arc
I______________[ \
L2
[_____________/
Figure 3
Check the power input and be sure that
power process of arc is free from input source. No any power consumption
increase when powerful arc have place even for hot screw-driver.
Next version of experiment is possible
if you have single-polarity potential of the end of wire for pulsed current
transformer. For positive potential on wire the arc is more powerful than for
other wire. This difference is not demonstrated for AC transformer. Both ends
of AC coil can
be used for creation of arc.
This difference shows the nature for
such sort free power arc.
Positive potential of wire
make work for attraction of free electrons from metal of screw-driver. It is
not the current of conductivity but displacement current.
Application of effect above into useful form
can be made like known
Avramenko-Zaev-Lisin experiments [7]. The scheme is
I L1
I VD1
I /\
/\ /\ I
____|/|_____
\/ \/
\/ \/ I |\|
I
================== A I _I_
_/\ /\ /\
/\____________I I I
\/ \/ \/ I I I R
L2 I I_ _I
I____|\|_____I
|/|
VD2
Figure 4
The alternating potential in point A is
sufficient for conductivity current in close circuit VD1-VD2-R.This diode pair have the name as Avramenko's plug.
I used for this scheme 30 VAC hand-made generator for L1,
frequency 10 KHz, transformer 30/3000 Volts and diodes for 1.5 KV pressure.
The ammeter can be used as
load R. Note that ammeter in wire between transformer and point A don't show
any current.
CONCLUSIONS
There are experimentally proved
possibility to create power in load
by means of potential only. By similar approach
mechanical motion, rotation
and propulsion force can be created.
So, free energetics
can be formulated as transformation of potential
in power or Energy-Power Transformation. Since the power
is process, the
question is the parameters of process only.
Alexander V. Frolov
REFERENCES
1. Speculations in Science
and Technology, Vol.13, Number 4, 1990,
p.249,
Donald Kelly, A Review of the Free-Energy Scenario.
2. EFE-Denver Report,
p.94-B22-02, Vacuum Energy Developments, Andrew
Michrowski, Published by Planetary Association for Clean Energy,
Inc.,
100
Bronson Av.,
email [email protected]
3. A.V. Chernetsky, About physical nature
for bioenergy,
in Russian.
4. Newsletter of Space
Energy Association, Vol.2 p.3 Published by SEA/US,
5. Dr. Patrick G. Bailey,
Proceeding of
voices: A Summary of Research not Present. Re: Paul
Baumann's Methernitha
Free-Energy
Machine. Institute
for New Energy email address: [email protected].
6. The single-wire
electric power transmission, A.V. Frolov, published
by New Energy News, December 1994, p.13-14.
7. N.E.Zaev,
S.V.Avramenko, V.N.Lisin,
"The measuring of Conduction Current
that is stimulated by Polarization current, Journal of Russian
Physical
Society,
No.2'1991, in Russian.
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Alexander V. Frolov email: [email protected]
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